{"id":333,"date":"2026-09-16T09:26:04","date_gmt":"2026-09-16T06:26:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.namebox.ro\/blog\/?p=333"},"modified":"2026-10-02T09:35:14","modified_gmt":"2026-10-02T06:35:14","slug":"resetare-de-permisiuni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.namebox.ro\/blog\/resetare-de-permisiuni\/","title":{"rendered":"Cum realizam o resetare de permisiuni pentru fisierele si folderele unui domeniu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Resetarea permisiunilor<\/strong> pentru fi\u0219ierele \u0219i folderele unui domeniu poate fi necesar\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd acestea au fost modificate accidental, dup\u0103 o migrare sau \u00een urma unor opera\u021biuni realizate asupra contului de g\u0103zduire.<\/p>\n<p>Pe serverele Linux cu cPanel sunt utilizate frecvent permisiunile <strong>0644 pentru fi\u0219iere<\/strong> \u0219i <strong>0755 pentru foldere<\/strong>. Aceste valori permit aplica\u021biei s\u0103 acceseze fi\u0219ierele f\u0103r\u0103 a acorda drepturi de scriere inutile altor utilizatori.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen acest tutorial vom vedea cum realiz\u0103m o resetare recursiv\u0103 a permisiunilor unui domeniu direct din SSH.<\/p>\n<h2>Ce sunt permisiunile fi\u0219ierelor \u0219i folderelor?<\/h2>\n<p>Pe un server Linux, fiecare fi\u0219ier \u0219i folder are anumite drepturi de acces.<\/p>\n<p>Acestea stabilesc ce opera\u021biuni pot fi realizate de:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Owner<\/strong> \u2013 proprietarul fi\u0219ierului;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Group<\/strong> \u2013 grupul din care face parte fi\u0219ierul;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Others<\/strong> \u2013 ceilal\u021bi utilizatori.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Drepturile de baz\u0103 sunt:<\/p>\n<pre>Read    = 4\r\nWrite   = 2\r\nExecute = 1<\/pre>\n<p>Din combinarea acestora rezult\u0103 valori precum:<\/p>\n<pre>644\r\n755\r\n700\r\n600<\/pre>\n<h2>Ce permisiuni sunt utilizate pentru un website?<\/h2>\n<p>Pentru fi\u0219ierele \u0219i folderele obi\u0219nuite ale unui website g\u0103zduit \u00eentr-un cont cPanel sunt \u00eent\u00e2lnite frecvent urm\u0103toarele valori:<\/p>\n<pre>Fi\u0219iere:  0644\r\nFoldere:  0755<\/pre>\n<p>Permisiunea <strong>0644<\/strong> permite proprietarului s\u0103 citeasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 modifice fi\u0219ierul, iar ceilal\u021bi utilizatori \u00eel pot doar citi.<\/p>\n<p>Permisiunea <strong>0755<\/strong> permite proprietarului s\u0103 citeasc\u0103, modifice \u0219i acceseze folderul, iar ceilal\u021bi utilizatori \u00eel pot citi \u0219i traversa.<\/p>\n<p>Aceste valori sunt folosite frecvent pentru fi\u0219ierele \u0219i directoarele din <strong>public_html<\/strong>, \u00eens\u0103 anumite aplica\u021bii pot avea cerin\u021be diferite. cPanel permite \u0219i modificarea individual\u0103 a permisiunilor direct din File Manager. :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e2nd este necesar\u0103 o resetare de permisiuni?<\/h2>\n<p>O resetare poate fi util\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd permisiunile au fost modificate gre\u0219it.<\/p>\n<p>De exemplu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>fi\u0219ierele au primit accidental permisiunea 777;<\/li>\n<li>folderele nu mai pot fi accesate;<\/li>\n<li>permisiunile au fost modificate recursiv;<\/li>\n<li>fi\u0219ierele au fost migrate de pe un alt server;<\/li>\n<li>un script sau o aplica\u021bie a modificat permisiunile;<\/li>\n<li>website-ul afi\u0219eaz\u0103 erori asociate accesului la fi\u0219iere.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Este important de re\u021binut c\u0103 nu orice eroare a website-ului este cauzat\u0103 de permisiuni.<\/p>\n<p>De exemplu, o eroare <strong>500 Internal Server Error<\/strong> poate ap\u0103rea \u0219i din cauza unui fi\u0219ier .htaccess configurat gre\u0219it, unor erori PHP, pluginuri incompatibile sau limite de resurse. Permisiunile sunt doar una dintre cauzele posibile. Po\u021bi consulta \u0219i ghidul nostru despre <a href=\"https:\/\/www.namebox.ro\/blog\/internal-server-error-500-cauze-si-solutii\/\"><strong>Internal Server Error 500<\/strong><\/a>. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}<\/p>\n<h2>Conectarea la server prin SSH<\/h2>\n<p>Pentru resetarea permisiunilor \u00een mas\u0103 avem nevoie de acces SSH.<\/p>\n<p>Pe Windows po\u021bi utiliza:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Windows Terminal;<\/li>\n<li>PuTTY;<\/li>\n<li>Termius.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pe Linux sau macOS po\u021bi utiliza direct aplica\u021bia Terminal.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru serverele VPS, datele de conectare SSH sunt furnizate \u00eempreun\u0103 cu informa\u021biile serviciului. NameBox are \u0219i un tutorial separat pentru <a href=\"https:\/\/www.namebox.ro\/documentatie\/cum-ne-conectam-in-ssh\/\"><strong>conectarea \u00een SSH<\/strong><\/a>. :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}<\/p>\n<h2>Identific\u0103m document root-ul domeniului<\/h2>\n<p>\u00cenainte s\u0103 rul\u0103m comenzile de resetare trebuie s\u0103 identific\u0103m folderul \u00een care se afl\u0103 website-ul.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru domeniul principal al unui cont cPanel acesta este frecvent:<\/p>\n<pre>\/home\/USERNAME\/public_html\/<\/pre>\n<p>\u00cenlocuie\u0219te:<\/p>\n<pre>USERNAME<\/pre>\n<p>cu utilizatorul real al contului cPanel.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru domeniile suplimentare, document root-ul poate fi diferit.<\/p>\n<p>De exemplu:<\/p>\n<pre>\/home\/USERNAME\/domeniu.ro\/<\/pre>\n<p>\u00cen versiunile actuale de cPanel, un domeniu suplimentar poate avea propriul document root separat de public_html. :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}<\/p>\n<h2>Navig\u0103m \u00een folderul website-ului<\/h2>\n<p>Dup\u0103 conectarea \u00een SSH, navig\u0103m c\u0103tre document root-ul domeniului.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru domeniul principal:<\/p>\n<pre>cd \/home\/USERNAME\/public_html\/<\/pre>\n<p>Pentru un domeniu suplimentar:<\/p>\n<pre>cd \/home\/USERNAME\/domeniu.ro\/<\/pre>\n<p>\u00cenainte s\u0103 continu\u0103m verific\u0103m loca\u021bia curent\u0103:<\/p>\n<pre>pwd<\/pre>\n<p>Comanda trebuie s\u0103 returneze exact directorul website-ului asupra c\u0103ruia dorim s\u0103 lucr\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p>Putem verifica \u0219i con\u021binutul folderului:<\/p>\n<pre>ls -la<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Este foarte important s\u0103 verifici directorul \u00eenainte s\u0103 rulezi comenzile recursive.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Resetarea permisiunilor folderelor la 0755<\/h2>\n<p>Pentru a seta permisiunea <strong>0755<\/strong> pentru toate folderele din website folosim:<\/p>\n<pre>find . -type d -exec chmod 0755 {} \\;<\/pre>\n<p>Comanda caut\u0103 toate directoarele \u00eencep\u00e2nd din loca\u021bia curent\u0103 \u0219i aplic\u0103 permisiunea 0755.<\/p>\n<p>Mai exact:<\/p>\n<pre>find .<\/pre>\n<p>\u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 opera\u021biunea \u00eencepe din folderul curent.<\/p>\n<pre>-type d<\/pre>\n<p>selecteaz\u0103 doar directoarele.<\/p>\n<pre>chmod 0755<\/pre>\n<p>seteaz\u0103 permisiunea dorit\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Resetarea permisiunilor fi\u0219ierelor la 0644<\/h2>\n<p>Pentru toate fi\u0219ierele folosim:<\/p>\n<pre>find . -type f -exec chmod 0644 {} \\;<\/pre>\n<p>Comanda selecteaz\u0103 toate fi\u0219ierele din folderul curent \u0219i subfoldere \u0219i seteaz\u0103 permisiunea:<\/p>\n<pre>0644<\/pre>\n<p>Dup\u0103 rularea celor dou\u0103 comenzi vom avea, \u00een mod uzual:<\/p>\n<pre>Foldere \u2192 0755\r\nFi\u0219iere \u2192 0644<\/pre>\n<h2>Comenzile complete pentru resetarea permisiunilor<\/h2>\n<p>Dac\u0103 website-ul se afl\u0103 \u00een:<\/p>\n<pre>\/home\/USERNAME\/public_html\/<\/pre>\n<p>putem rula comenzile \u00een urm\u0103toarea ordine:<\/p>\n<pre>cd \/home\/USERNAME\/public_html\/\r\npwd\r\nls -la<\/pre>\n<p>Dup\u0103 ce confirm\u0103m c\u0103 suntem \u00een loca\u021bia corect\u0103:<\/p>\n<pre>find . -type d -exec chmod 0755 {} \\;\r\nfind . -type f -exec chmod 0644 {} \\;<\/pre>\n<p>La final putem verifica din nou:<\/p>\n<pre>ls -la<\/pre>\n<h2>Putem verifica permisiunile unui singur fi\u0219ier?<\/h2>\n<p>Da. Dac\u0103 problema apare doar la un singur fi\u0219ier, nu este necesar s\u0103 reset\u0103m \u00eentregul website.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru verificare putem utiliza:<\/p>\n<pre>ls -l index.php<\/pre>\n<p>sau:<\/p>\n<pre>stat index.php<\/pre>\n<p>Pentru a seta permisiunea unui singur fi\u0219ier:<\/p>\n<pre>chmod 0644 index.php<\/pre>\n<p>Pentru un singur folder:<\/p>\n<pre>chmod 0755 nume-folder<\/pre>\n<p>Dac\u0103 problema este localizat\u0103, modificarea doar a elementului afectat este mai sigur\u0103 dec\u00e2t o opera\u021biune recursiv\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Nu utiliza chmod -R 777<\/h2>\n<p>Una dintre cele mai frecvente gre\u0219eli este utilizarea comenzii:<\/p>\n<pre>chmod -R 777 public_html<\/pre>\n<p>Aceast\u0103 comand\u0103 ofer\u0103 drepturi complete de citire, scriere \u0219i execu\u021bie tuturor utilizatorilor pentru fi\u0219ierele \u0219i folderele website-ului.<\/p>\n<p>Permisiunea 777 nu trebuie folosit\u0103 ca solu\u021bie general\u0103 pentru:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>erori 500;<\/li>\n<li>probleme de upload;<\/li>\n<li>probleme WordPress;<\/li>\n<li>erori de scriere \u00een directoare;<\/li>\n<li>fi\u0219iere care nu pot fi accesate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dac\u0103 o aplica\u021bie func\u021bioneaz\u0103 doar dup\u0103 setarea permisiunii 777, trebuie identificat\u0103 cauza real\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Permisiunile nu sunt acela\u0219i lucru cu ownership-ul<\/h2>\n<p>O resetare cu chmod modific\u0103 doar permisiunile.<\/p>\n<p>Aceasta nu modific\u0103 proprietarul fi\u0219ierelor.<\/p>\n<p>De exemplu, un fi\u0219ier poate avea permisiunea corect\u0103:<\/p>\n<pre>0644<\/pre>\n<p>dar s\u0103 apar\u021bin\u0103 unui utilizator gre\u0219it.<\/p>\n<p>Ownership-ul poate fi verificat folosind:<\/p>\n<pre>ls -la<\/pre>\n<p>Un rezultat poate ar\u0103ta astfel:<\/p>\n<pre>-rw-r--r-- 1 USERNAME USERNAME 418 index.php<\/pre>\n<p>\u00cen acest exemplu, fi\u0219ierul apar\u021bine utilizatorului \u0219i grupului:<\/p>\n<pre>USERNAME<\/pre>\n<p>Dac\u0103 ownership-ul este gre\u0219it, nu executa automat comenzi de tip:<\/p>\n<pre>chown -R<\/pre>\n<p>f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 verifici configura\u021bia serverului. Modificarea gre\u0219it\u0103 a proprietarului fi\u0219ierelor poate provoca probleme suplimentare.<\/p>\n<h2>Putem modifica permisiunile direct din cPanel?<\/h2>\n<p>Da.<\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 dore\u0219ti s\u0103 modifici doar c\u00e2teva fi\u0219iere, po\u021bi utiliza:<\/p>\n<p><strong>cPanel \u2192 Files \u2192 File Manager<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Selecteaz\u0103 fi\u0219ierul sau folderul dorit \u0219i apas\u0103:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Permissions<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>cPanel permite modificarea drepturilor direct din File Manager, f\u0103r\u0103 acces SSH. :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}<\/p>\n<p>Pentru un website cu sute sau mii de fi\u0219iere, resetarea prin SSH este \u00eens\u0103 mult mai rapid\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Ce facem dac\u0103 website-ul tot nu func\u021bioneaz\u0103?<\/h2>\n<p>Dac\u0103 permisiunile au fost resetate \u0219i website-ul continu\u0103 s\u0103 afi\u0219eze erori, problema trebuie investigat\u0103 separat.<\/p>\n<p>Verific\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>fi\u0219ierul <strong>error_log<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>fi\u0219ierul <strong>.htaccess<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>versiunea PHP;<\/li>\n<li>erorile aplica\u021biei;<\/li>\n<li>pluginurile \u0219i temele WordPress;<\/li>\n<li>ownership-ul fi\u0219ierelor;<\/li>\n<li>consumul de resurse;<\/li>\n<li>logurile serverului.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Resetarea permisiunilor nu trebuie utilizat\u0103 ca solu\u021bie universal\u0103 pentru orice eroare a website-ului.<\/p>\n<h2>Verific\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna directorul \u00eenainte de resetare<\/h2>\n<p>Comenzile <strong>find<\/strong> \u0219i <strong>chmod<\/strong> sunt foarte utile pentru resetarea rapid\u0103 a permisiunilor, \u00eens\u0103 acestea lucreaz\u0103 recursiv asupra tuturor fi\u0219ierelor \u0219i folderelor din loca\u021bia curent\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cenainte de rularea lor verific\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna:<\/p>\n<pre>pwd\r\nls -la<\/pre>\n<p>Pentru o configura\u021bie obi\u0219nuit\u0103 de website pe cPanel, <strong>0644 pentru fi\u0219iere \u0219i 0755 pentru foldere<\/strong> sunt valori utilizate frecvent, dar pot exista excep\u021bii \u00een func\u021bie de aplica\u021bie.<\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 website-ul este g\u0103zduit la NameBox \u0219i nu e\u0219ti sigur ce permisiuni trebuie modificate, po\u021bi contacta echipa tehnic\u0103 pentru verificarea configura\u021biei \u00eenainte de aplicarea unor modific\u0103ri recursive.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Resetarea permisiunilor pentru fi\u0219ierele \u0219i folderele unui domeniu poate fi necesar\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd acestea au fost modificate accidental, dup\u0103 o migrare sau \u00een urma unor opera\u021biuni realizate asupra contului de g\u0103zduire. Pe serverele Linux cu cPanel sunt utilizate frecvent permisiunile 0644 pentru fi\u0219iere \u0219i 0755 pentru foldere. Aceste valori permit aplica\u021biei s\u0103 acceseze fi\u0219ierele f\u0103r\u0103 &#8230; <a title=\"Cum realizam o resetare de permisiuni pentru fisierele si folderele unui domeniu\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.namebox.ro\/blog\/resetare-de-permisiuni\/\" aria-label=\"Cite\u0219te mai multe despre Cum realizam o resetare de permisiuni pentru fisierele si folderele unui domeniu\">Cite\u0219te mai mult<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2412,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[42,40,41],"class_list":["post-333","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-servere","tag-cpanel","tag-resetare-de-permisiuni","tag-ssh"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Resetare de permisiuni pentru fisierele 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